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we're talking this morning uh here with

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vic cooley he is the lead increment

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scientist for expeditions 33 and 34. vic

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i appreciate the

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hanging with us as we've waited to find

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out

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when this is going to happen let's start

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by getting you to explain

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what this small satellite deployer

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demonstration is all about

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well thank you pat

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good morning to you yes it's a pretty

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exciting day to be here in the flight

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control room

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the demonstration of the small set

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deployment system is all about adding

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yet one more capability to our wonderful

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space station

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you know the the small sad otherwise

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known as cubesat that design was

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actually engineered by cal poly back in

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1999

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and it included a deployer now jaxa has

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has modified that slightly and has

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launched it to the space station on the

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htv

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vehicle earlier this summer

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and now there are five satellites there

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and they will be ejected when we get to

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this activity which is now probably

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postponed because of the atv situation

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and the dam

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but it is to demonstrate that capability

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from a permanently manned uh orbiting

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vehicle

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so far these satellites have been

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ejected from

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non-manned vehicles which are

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very expensive to launch and the whole

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idea is about lowering cost

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if we can lower the cost by these

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payloads being a secondary payload on a

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rocket or in this case on the htv which

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is already carrying cargo to the space

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station then that makes it even lower

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cost for these small sats to be deployed

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so it is a matter of of expense as well

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as the efficacy of deploying them you

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don't have to have a dedicated rocket to

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launch what's really a small payload

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that's correct and uh you know we

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we want to continue lowering the cost as

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much as possible the the cost was

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lowered substantially just by having

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this design that we've had over the last

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10 years and and many small sats have

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already been launched that way from

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unmanned vehicles

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we would like to have that capability

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from the space station also it's

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possible to conceive that you might want

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to have satellites ready to go that

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needed some kind of tweaking or

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adjustment before you launched them they

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could be positioned on the space station

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and then that adjustments mechanical

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adjustments could be made by the crew

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members before they launch them for such

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dedicated purposes as

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as as

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monitoring

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disasters or other natural events

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i'll talk about some of these satellites

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later in their monitoring capabilities

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and is that what the crew members have

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been doing making those preparations

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those those adjustments to it

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oh no they haven't adjusted any of these

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satellites so we're just in the early

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stages of demonstrating that these

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satellites can actually be launched from

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the space station with this japanese

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ssod the small satellite orbital

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deployer okay we saw a piece of

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animation here while you were speaking a

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minute ago that i'm hoping we can get

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set up to run again because i want to

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ask you if you can talk us through the

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deployment procedure and tell me how the

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the crew and the flight controllers on

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the ground are going to work to to

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actually set these satellites out into

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orbit well first let me talk about the

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jim airlock and the gem remote

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manipulator system or jim rms the gem is

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the japanese experiment module it has an

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air lock which allows the crew to

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position

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in this case the satellite deployer in

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the air lock when it's and this is

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connected and open to the pressurized

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environment then they close the hatch

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behind the satellite deployer and then

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they can depressurize that air lock such

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that now

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the

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gem rms and

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and then uh positioned for deployment so

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if to to recap that the the crew members

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have the satellites inside the station

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but they attach it to this slide and

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through the air lock presented outside

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so that the japanese robotic arm can

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grab it and begin to manipulate put

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these out to be deployed yes and that's

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a it's it's a choreographed sequence of

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steps between the ground and aki hoshide

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on the space station so there's uh the

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way it starts out is uh aki will

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uh

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position the satellites on the table

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and he will then close the hatch such

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that

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the uh the satellites are now in the

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uh airlock and the hatch is closed on

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the inside he will then command uh the

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airlock to be depressed

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and he will open the hatch on the

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outside of the airlock and this is all

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by commanding he's not physically doing

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this himself

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and he will then command the table to

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slide out

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and now it's out in the vacuum of space

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and the ground will then command the gem

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rms a remote manipulator system much

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like our

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space station arm which but the space

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station arm is much bigger this is a

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smaller arm

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just on the gym section just for

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handling external payloads

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so the ground uh sipsy control

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at the jackson control center in scuba

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near tokyo will command the gym arm to

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grapple

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the extended

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slide table with the satellite deployer

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on it

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aki will then release the lock that

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holds the multi-purpose experiment

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platform or mpap on onto the slide table

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and then the rms is now it's being

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commanded from the ground it extracts

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that

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uh

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deployer from the the airlock slide

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table now at this point aki

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uh retracts the table into the airlock

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and the gem rms then moves to the deploy

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position for the satellites the deploy

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position is pointed 45 degrees away from

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nader and retrograde such that it won't

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interfere with the space station after

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the satellites are released

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what is it that these satellites are

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going to do uh

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you said there are five satellites uh in

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in general what's the mission of these

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uh satellites once they're deployed well

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let me talk a little bit about the

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satellites first as i mentioned this

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satellite design has been a standard for

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over 10 years now

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and they are 10 centimeter cubes

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weighing no more than 1.2 kilograms or

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about three pounds

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so in this particular case there are

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five of these satellites

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one of them is actually two of those 10

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centimeter cubic units

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each of the there are two

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shoots or jim

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satellite deployers and three of the 10

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centimeter cubes can fit in each chute

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the first deployment will be done by aki

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the second deployment will be done by by

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the sipsy ground control but in this

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case uh the five satellites consist of

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uh

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all of them

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uh with one exception were designed and

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built by students at universities

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one of them was built by san jose state

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university

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and that's called tech ed sat

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and

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it will

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need to refer to my notes here

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it transmits elapsed time temperature

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voltage and current and any error

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messages that have and that the

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microprocessor has encountered over a

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ham radio all of these satellites have

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solar panels on them to produce power

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and they all transmit signals of some

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sort in this case ham radio signals

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another satellite which is

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provided by the company called nanorax

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who in turn goes out and gathers

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customers who want to launch small

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satellites in this case their customer

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is a vietnamese university

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and that the students from that

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university have designed a satellite

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that will take images of the earth

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and possibly capture images of and be

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able to do ship tracking detect forest

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fires and do atmospheric research

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the other three satellites were designed

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by japanese students or or companies and

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one of them that is very interesting is

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uh is the fitsat this satellite actually

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has leds on it that flash very brightly

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but flashing is the key here because

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they're not on continuously they don't

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consume that much power but when they

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are on their their uh

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uh very bright so bright that you might

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be able to see them from ground sites uh

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within japan

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they're they're described as 100 watts

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of leds now a watt is a is a an amount

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of uh

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energy per time unit so since they're

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flashing you really have to take out the

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time aspect of it but they're they're

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extremely bright if you know how bright

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leds can be compared to regular light

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bulbs

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uh the second satellite from the uh

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from jaxa or from the japanese side

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is that the one that's actually twice as

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big as any of the others it's a two unit

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satellite and it transmits earth images

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taken with a fisheye lens

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uh and the the last satellite from the

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jackson side takes infrared pictures of

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the earth and transmits those to ground

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it's all it could be uh interesting to

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see when it when it happens

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as we mentioned the

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plan was that the satellites were going

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to be deployed tomorrow morning possibly

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about this time

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that plan is probably going to change as

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a result of the atv not undocking as

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well as a planning for a possible

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conjunction uh

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but uh it's it's another interesting

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scientific aspect of what's going on

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very briefly can give me a sense of what

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we can look forward to in science during

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expedition 33 and 34.

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well um in the near term i noticed you

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were talking about the spacex dragon

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vehicle docking soon

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there are two experiments coming up on

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that vehicle uh one is called micro six

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this looks at the uh the yeast fungus

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also known as the thrush uh

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fungus which people can get in their

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mouths

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uh it turns out that the yeast fungus is

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actually present on all of our bodies

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it's an opportunistic pathogen it's just

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waiting for a chance to flourish when a

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person's immune system becomes

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compromised and we know from

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from other studies that astronauts

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immune system just because they're uh

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out of their natural environment and in

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a microgravity environment their immune

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system does become compromised

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so there is you can understand that

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there would be a very serious health

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risk the yeast

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infections

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in this case so this experiment actually

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grows yeast in the microgravity

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environment and looks at the genetic

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changes that happen

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uh with that yeast growing uh in a

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microgravity environment

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another uh sorti experiment as we call

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it which will go up on the spacex

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vehicle and come down approximately 25

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or 30 days later on the same vehicle

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looks at

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plants and their resistance against

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gravity on the earth

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it turns out this experiment is called

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resist tubule

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and the the act of resisting

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the pull of gravity and being able to

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hold itself up is where the resistance

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come from

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the tubule refers to

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structures inside plant cells that give

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those cells their strength so that they

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can resist gravity so there are earth

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applications as well as space

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applications for this experiment on

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earth a plant can spend up to 50 percent

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of the energy it acquires from the sun

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just resisting gravity but as we

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continue to use genetically modified

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organisms for our food

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plants may not need to spend that much

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energy resistant gravity because they

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change their shape and so forth but they

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still may grow these these structures to

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resist gravity so if we can control how

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much energy the plant puts in resisting

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gravity we might be able to increase

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food production for plants on earth

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in space obviously for long duration

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trips it it would be very desirable to

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be able to for the astronauts to grow

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their own food in space and that it has

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space applications also that's great we

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look forward to seeing all that vic

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thanks for coming this morning

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appreciate it cooley is the lead